arid/alkaline hard pan forms in low rainfall places with mineral soils because what little rain they get washes the dissolved minerals down only so far where they reform.
this is why arid climates can have such difficult soils on top and poor drainage below.
once you understand that life loves pH about 6-7 then learn about what tree roots and other plant roots do to bedrock (they give off acids to dissolve rock) you can begin to understand how to regenerate any climate on this planet where people can live. plant things, grow things, harvest things, but make sure you don't remove organic matter from the surface. keep it covered, keep growing things. the best plants to break through hardpan will be those with the deeper roots. alfalafa can put roots down a long ways given enough time. grape vines too. start with small trees, legumes, when they get so far chop them back, pile that around them and let them regrow, keep at it. in 5-10yrs you have shade and a windbreak and these trees will flower and attract wildlife, birdies bring in seeds and fertilizer of their own. next thing you know you have a food forest. in an arid climate where you manage your water you can perpetuate this system indefinitely.
just make sure you don't over pump your aquifer.
in MN, you're in no danger of that in most places. in Mid-Michigan we're not in danger of that either. we hardly touch the well most of the day for months a time when the rains and snows are coming down.
diakon radishes and turnips are great worm food, and i like the turnips as people food. parsnips, carrots, etc. all root crops will help put some holes down. fill them full of organic material and those are worm homes which give the worms places to hide during the hotter part of the summer and coldest parts of the winter.
any time you can chop and drop any green cover plants growing to encourage worm life then that pays off for future fertility.
if you are trying to restore a prairie it is often a good idea to do this once in a while just to make sure any dry standing grasses left over get a chance to be digested. kinda like a wildfire without the flames. if you time it you can do it to benefit the plants you want to encourage and to discourage weeds you don't want. it also can help out some bird species that may nest or forage in the grassland.
nature is so interesting, i can't ever get over how much more there is to learn...