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Introduction: Amish Culture and Farming Practices
Approximately 70 percent of the Amish live in three states: Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Indiana. The Holmes/Wayne
County, Ohio Amish settlement is the largest in the world followed by Lancaster County, Pennsylvania and
Elkhart/LaGrange County, Indiana. There are numerous smaller Amish communities throughout the Midwest,
including new settlements in Wisconsin, Illinois, and Missouri. Each decade the Amish population has increased
by 30 to 48 percent. The current Amish and Anabaptist population is estimated to number over 850,000. This
Agent is working with three distinct Amish communities in Ohio. About 140 families of Old Order Amish live
around Mt. Victory, Ohio. Forty Old Order Amish families recently settled at DeGraff, and about 70 families of
New Order Amish live in Belle Center, Ohio.
Old Order Amish are very conservative and do all their farm work with horses. New Order Amish are more
progressive and use milking machines, telephones, stationary tractors and limited modern technology. Most Old
Order Amish farms range in size from 80 to 100 acres and are milking 6-15 cows, raising 5-20 sows with litters,
using 6-8 draft horses and 2-4 standard horses for transportation. New Order Amish have slightly larger farms
and most are dairy farms with 25 to 50 cows. The Amish use a crop rotation of corn, oats, hay, and pasture and
apply all their manure to their fields for fertilizer. Most Amish farmers purchase very little commercial fertilizer
and they use small amounts of herbicides. They prefer to use natural or organic fertilizers. Typical Amish corn
yields are 80 to 100-bushel per year compared to 120 to 150-bushel for their "English@ counterparts.