Andy, you can grow anything like you mentioned on a fence.
In fact that makes good use of space for a vertical garden.
You can grow many types of squash and melons that way.
You can do the scarlet runner beans too.
The wisteria comes back year after year and once it gets established it covers a big area and blooms profusely.
There are two types that I have seen that grow up to 15 feet and 25 feet.
Rather than have it grow up, train it to grow across.
As it grows just start weaving the vine in and out of the links.
You should be able to do that with any type of vine but that one is the largest that I know of outside of the hops.
There are trumpet vines, climbing roses,clematis, moon flowers...
Check out some of the vines in this link and if you need more info just google flowering vines or vines.
http://www.mountainmeadowseeds.com/Flowering-Vines.html